69
Hirola
Beatragus hunteri
Perhaps the world’s rarest and most endangered antelope, the hirola is the sole survivor of a formerly diverse group, and is often referred to as a living fossil.
Conservation Attention
Low
FOCAL EDGE SPECIES
75
Eastern Long-beaked Echidna
Zaglossus bartoni
Long-beaked echidnas belong to an ancient clade of egg-laying mammals that includes the platypus of Australia. All are slow moving large mammals that live on forest floors.
Conservation Attention
Low
76
Madagascar Frog
Mantidactylus pauliani
The Critically Endangered Madagascar frog was described in 1974, but was not recorded again for over 40 years until 2010.
Conservation Attention
Very Low
80
Red Slender Loris
Loris tardigradus
The red slender loris has extremely thin arms and legs and is arboreal (tree dwelling).
Conservation Attention
Low
80
Kottigehar Dancing Frog
Micrixalus kottigeharensis
The Kottigehar Bush Frog is only known from the type locality; Kottigehar, Kadur and from a recently discovered population at Bhadrea, India
Conservation Attention
Very Low
88
El Rincon Stream Frog
Pleurodema somuncurense
The Critically Endangered El Rincon stream frog exists on a single plateau in Argentinian Patagonia. Though temperatures in the region often plummet below freezing, the frog avoids the cold by spending its life in streams whose waters are heated by permanent thermal springs.
Conservation Attention
Low
88
Secretarybird
Sagittarius serpentarius
This elegant, long-legged bird kills its prey by repeatedly stamping on it.
Conservation Attention
Low
90
West Indian Manatee
Trichechus manatus
The Sirenians (manatees and dugongs) are more closely related to elephants than to other marine mammals such as whales and dolphins.
Conservation Attention
Good
100
Botsford’s Leaf-litter Frog
Leptobrachella botsfordi
Botsford’s leaf-litter frog was only described by science in 2013.
Conservation Attention
Medium
100
Banded Ground-cuckoo
Neomorphus radiolosus
Despite the large size of the Banded Ground-cuckoo, this species is inconspicuous and not easy to observe.
Conservation Attention
Low
101
Cebu Flowerpecker
Dicaeum quadricolor
In the late 1800s, this species was known from only two localities in Cebu, where it was incredibly rare.
Conservation Attention
Very Low
101
Northern Giant Mouse Lemur
Mirza zaza
This unassuming nocturnal lemur has the largest testes to body ratio of all mammals.
Conservation Attention
Medium
106
Mistbelt Moss Frog
Anhydrophryne ngongoniensis
The mistbelt moss frog, also known as the mistbelt chirping frog, reaches lengths of just 2 cm. This may be the reason why this species was only discovered in 1993, alongside its faint call, making it difficult to detect.
Conservation Attention
Low
108
Volcano Rabbit
Romerolagus diazi
The volcano rabbit is one of the smallest rabbit species in the world and is found only on four volcanoes in Mexico.
Conservation Attention
Medium
109
Galaxy Frog
Melanobatrachus indicus
This is an extremely rare species, the population is fragmented with a total size of less than 5,000 km².
Conservation Attention
Low
109
Mongolian Saiga
Saiga tatarica
The Mongolian Saiga is the only species in the genus Saiga, and has been evolving in isolation for the last 10 million years.
Conservation Attention
Good
125
Elvira Rat
Cremnomys elvira
Very little is known about the Elvira rat since there have been no records since the type specimen was collected in 1946.
Conservation Attention
Low
135
Mediterranean Monk Seal
Monachus monachus
Monk seals are so-named because their uniform brown or greyish coats supposedly resemble a monk’s robes.
Conservation Attention
Medium
148
Giant Anteater
Myrmecophaga tridactyla
The giant anteater is the largest of the living anteater species and can eat up to 30,000 ants a day!
Conservation Attention
Medium
155
Round Island Keel-scaled Boa
Casarea dussumieri
The Round Island keel-scaled boa is unique amongst all terrestrial vertebrates on Earth, being the only species to have an intramaxilliary joint that can separate and split the anterior and posterior bones of the upper jaw.
Conservation Attention
Good
156
Hewitt’s Ghost Frog
Heleophryne hewitti
Hewitt’s ghost frog is an attractively patterned frog that lives in fast flowing mountain streams and rivers. The tadpoles of this species develop very slowly, taking up to two years to complete their metamorphosis into the adult form.
Conservation Attention
Low
160
Olm
Proteus anguinus
The olm is Europe’s only cave-dwelling vertebrate, and has numerous unique adaptations for an underground life. Incredibly, the olm can survive without food for up to a decade!
Conservation Attention
Low
170
Bumblebee bat
Craseonycteris thonglongyai
The bumblebee bat is the smallest mammal in the world! This tiny bat weighs less than 2 grams, its body is about the size of a large bumblebee, giving it the common name “bumblebee bat”.
Conservation Attention
Medium
172
Short-tailed Chinchilla
Chinchilla chinchilla
Short-tailed Chinchillas are famous for their beautiful bluish-grey fur, which is extremely soft and dense and is considered to be one of the most valuable in the world.
Conservation Attention
Very Low
207
Granular Salamander
Ambystoma granulosum
The granular salamander, unlike many of its close relatives, is a fully metamorphosing species of mole salamander. It therefore develops into an adult form, losing its larval characteristics such as gills and fins, and developing adult traits such as eyelids and functioning lungs.
Conservation Attention
Low
208
Taylor’s Salamander
Ambystoma taylori
Taylor’s salamander exhibits some incredible features, such as being able to live in salt waters with such high salinity that it would kill most other amphibian species!
Conservation Attention
Low
243
Sagalla Caecilian
Boulengerula niedeni
The Endangered Sagalla caecilian is found on Sagalla Hill, Kenya, with a total range which is equivalent to the area half the size of Manhattan Island.
Conservation Attention
Medium
246
Lake Oku clawed frog
Xenopus longipes
The Lake Oku clawed frog is a small amphibian reaching just 36mm in length. This diminutive species is one of only two frogs known to be ‘dodecaploid’, meaning they have a staggering 12 sets of chromosomes – humans have just two!
Conservation Attention
Good
296
Bengal Slow Loris
Nycticebus bengalensis
The Bengal slow loris was only recently recognised as a distinct species having been previously classed as a sub species of Nycticebus coucang.
Conservation Attention
Low
380
Cuban Greater Funnel-eared Bat
Natalus primus
The Cuban greater funnel-eared bat is the largest Caribbean representative of a small, ancient family of cave-dwelling bats that evolved in the West Indies.
Conservation Attention
Very Low
458
Dwarf Crocodile
Osteolaemus tetraspis
The dwarf crocodile is one of the world’s smallest crocodilians, rarely exceeding 2 metres in length. The taxonomy, distribution, population size and conservation status of dwarf crocodiles remains unclear.
Conservation Attention
Very Low
491
Sardinian Brook Salamander
Euproctus platycephalus
The Sardinian brook salamander is endemic to Sardinia, Italy, and is often found living in cave systems.
Conservation Attention
Low
571
Lake Lerma Salamander
Ambystoma lermaense
The Lake Lerma salamander is a large species of lungless salamander, reaching almost a quarter of a metre long!
Conservation Attention
Low
Victoria caecilian
Herpele multiplicata
The Victoria caecilian is only known from one individual, collected in 1912, and it has not been seen since! This has led to fears that this species may have become extinct, and its taxonomic validity has also been put into question.
Conservation Attention
Very Low